%s
' % web.input().text + (" " * 2048)) web.seeother('/') newrun(urls, globals()) webpy/experimental/background.py 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000002560 11773133455 015542 0 ustar wmb wmb """Helpers functions to run log-running tasks.""" from web import utils from web import webapi as web def background(func): """A function decorator to run a long-running function as a background thread.""" def internal(*a, **kw): web.data() # cache it tmpctx = web._context[threading.currentThread()] web._context[threading.currentThread()] = utils.storage(web.ctx.copy()) def newfunc(): web._context[threading.currentThread()] = tmpctx func(*a, **kw) myctx = web._context[threading.currentThread()] for k in myctx.keys(): if k not in ['status', 'headers', 'output']: try: del myctx[k] except KeyError: pass t = threading.Thread(target=newfunc) background.threaddb[id(t)] = t t.start() web.ctx.headers = [] return seeother(changequery(_t=id(t))) return internal background.threaddb = {} def backgrounder(func): def internal(*a, **kw): i = web.input(_method='get') if '_t' in i: try: t = background.threaddb[int(i._t)] except KeyError: return web.notfound() web._context[threading.currentThread()] = web._context[t] return else: return func(*a, **kw) return internal webpy/experimental/pwt.py 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000004426 11773133455 014240 0 ustar wmb wmb import web import simplejson, sudo urls = ( '/sudo', 'sudoku', '/length', 'length', ) class pwt(object): _inFunc = False updated = {} page = """ """ def GET(self): web.header('Content-Type', 'text/html') print self.page % self.form() def POST(self): i = web.input() if '_' in i: del i['_'] #for k, v in i.iteritems(): setattr(self, k, v) self._inFunc = True self.work(**i) self._inFunc = False web.header('Content-Type', 'text/javascript') print 'receive('+simplejson.dumps(self.updated)+');' def __setattr__(self, k, v): if self._inFunc and k != '_inFunc': self.updated[k] = v object.__setattr__(self, k, v) class sudoku(pwt): def form(self): import sudo out = '' n = 0 for i in range(9): for j in range(9): out += '' % (sudo.squares[n]) n += 1 out += '' def work(self): self.output = ('a' * web.intget(self.n, 0) or ' ') if __name__ == "__main__": web.run(urls, globals(), web.reloader) webpy/README.md 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000000305 11773133455 011626 0 ustar wmb wmb web.py is a web framework for Python that is as simple as it is powerful. Visit http://webpy.org/ for more information.  webpy/web/ 0002755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11773133455 011130 5 ustar wmb wmb webpy/web/db.py 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000117474 11773133455 012103 0 ustar wmb wmb """ Database API (part of web.py) """ __all__ = [ "UnknownParamstyle", "UnknownDB", "TransactionError", "sqllist", "sqlors", "reparam", "sqlquote", "SQLQuery", "SQLParam", "sqlparam", "SQLLiteral", "sqlliteral", "database", 'DB', ] import time try: import datetime except ImportError: datetime = None try: set except NameError: from sets import Set as set from utils import threadeddict, storage, iters, iterbetter, safestr, safeunicode try: # db module can work independent of web.py from webapi import debug, config except: import sys debug = sys.stderr config = storage() class UnknownDB(Exception): """raised for unsupported dbms""" pass class _ItplError(ValueError): def __init__(self, text, pos): ValueError.__init__(self) self.text = text self.pos = pos def __str__(self): return "unfinished expression in %s at char %d" % ( repr(self.text), self.pos) class TransactionError(Exception): pass class UnknownParamstyle(Exception): """ raised for unsupported db paramstyles (currently supported: qmark, numeric, format, pyformat) """ pass class SQLParam(object): """ Parameter in SQLQuery. >>> q = SQLQuery(["SELECT * FROM test WHERE name=", SQLParam("joe")]) >>> q
| %s |
' + net.websafe(result) + ''] return profile_internal if __name__ == "__main__": import doctest doctest.testmod() webpy/web/wsgiserver/ 0002755 0001750 0001750 00000000000 11773133455 013330 5 ustar wmb wmb webpy/web/wsgiserver/__init__.py 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000246442 11773133455 015453 0 ustar wmb wmb """A high-speed, production ready, thread pooled, generic HTTP server. Simplest example on how to use this module directly (without using CherryPy's application machinery):: from cherrypy import wsgiserver def my_crazy_app(environ, start_response): status = '200 OK' response_headers = [('Content-type','text/plain')] start_response(status, response_headers) return ['Hello world!'] server = wsgiserver.CherryPyWSGIServer( ('0.0.0.0', 8070), my_crazy_app, server_name='www.cherrypy.example') server.start() The CherryPy WSGI server can serve as many WSGI applications as you want in one instance by using a WSGIPathInfoDispatcher:: d = WSGIPathInfoDispatcher({'/': my_crazy_app, '/blog': my_blog_app}) server = wsgiserver.CherryPyWSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 80), d) Want SSL support? Just set server.ssl_adapter to an SSLAdapter instance. This won't call the CherryPy engine (application side) at all, only the HTTP server, which is independent from the rest of CherryPy. Don't let the name "CherryPyWSGIServer" throw you; the name merely reflects its origin, not its coupling. For those of you wanting to understand internals of this module, here's the basic call flow. The server's listening thread runs a very tight loop, sticking incoming connections onto a Queue:: server = CherryPyWSGIServer(...) server.start() while True: tick() # This blocks until a request comes in: child = socket.accept() conn = HTTPConnection(child, ...) server.requests.put(conn) Worker threads are kept in a pool and poll the Queue, popping off and then handling each connection in turn. Each connection can consist of an arbitrary number of requests and their responses, so we run a nested loop:: while True: conn = server.requests.get() conn.communicate() -> while True: req = HTTPRequest(...) req.parse_request() -> # Read the Request-Line, e.g. "GET /page HTTP/1.1" req.rfile.readline() read_headers(req.rfile, req.inheaders) req.respond() -> response = app(...) try: for chunk in response: if chunk: req.write(chunk) finally: if hasattr(response, "close"): response.close() if req.close_connection: return """ CRLF = '\r\n' import os import Queue import re quoted_slash = re.compile("(?i)%2F") import rfc822 import socket import sys if 'win' in sys.platform and not hasattr(socket, 'IPPROTO_IPV6'): socket.IPPROTO_IPV6 = 41 try: import cStringIO as StringIO except ImportError: import StringIO DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE = -1 _fileobject_uses_str_type = isinstance(socket._fileobject(None)._rbuf, basestring) import threading import time import traceback def format_exc(limit=None): """Like print_exc() but return a string. Backport for Python 2.3.""" try: etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info() return ''.join(traceback.format_exception(etype, value, tb, limit)) finally: etype = value = tb = None from urllib import unquote from urlparse import urlparse import warnings import errno def plat_specific_errors(*errnames): """Return error numbers for all errors in errnames on this platform. The 'errno' module contains different global constants depending on the specific platform (OS). This function will return the list of numeric values for a given list of potential names. """ errno_names = dir(errno) nums = [getattr(errno, k) for k in errnames if k in errno_names] # de-dupe the list return dict.fromkeys(nums).keys() socket_error_eintr = plat_specific_errors("EINTR", "WSAEINTR") socket_errors_to_ignore = plat_specific_errors( "EPIPE", "EBADF", "WSAEBADF", "ENOTSOCK", "WSAENOTSOCK", "ETIMEDOUT", "WSAETIMEDOUT", "ECONNREFUSED", "WSAECONNREFUSED", "ECONNRESET", "WSAECONNRESET", "ECONNABORTED", "WSAECONNABORTED", "ENETRESET", "WSAENETRESET", "EHOSTDOWN", "EHOSTUNREACH", ) socket_errors_to_ignore.append("timed out") socket_errors_to_ignore.append("The read operation timed out") socket_errors_nonblocking = plat_specific_errors( 'EAGAIN', 'EWOULDBLOCK', 'WSAEWOULDBLOCK') comma_separated_headers = ['Accept', 'Accept-Charset', 'Accept-Encoding', 'Accept-Language', 'Accept-Ranges', 'Allow', 'Cache-Control', 'Connection', 'Content-Encoding', 'Content-Language', 'Expect', 'If-Match', 'If-None-Match', 'Pragma', 'Proxy-Authenticate', 'TE', 'Trailer', 'Transfer-Encoding', 'Upgrade', 'Vary', 'Via', 'Warning', 'WWW-Authenticate'] import logging if not hasattr(logging, 'statistics'): logging.statistics = {} def read_headers(rfile, hdict=None): """Read headers from the given stream into the given header dict. If hdict is None, a new header dict is created. Returns the populated header dict. Headers which are repeated are folded together using a comma if their specification so dictates. This function raises ValueError when the read bytes violate the HTTP spec. You should probably return "400 Bad Request" if this happens. """ if hdict is None: hdict = {} while True: line = rfile.readline() if not line: # No more data--illegal end of headers raise ValueError("Illegal end of headers.") if line == CRLF: # Normal end of headers break if not line.endswith(CRLF): raise ValueError("HTTP requires CRLF terminators") if line[0] in ' \t': # It's a continuation line. v = line.strip() else: try: k, v = line.split(":", 1) except ValueError: raise ValueError("Illegal header line.") # TODO: what about TE and WWW-Authenticate? k = k.strip().title() v = v.strip() hname = k if k in comma_separated_headers: existing = hdict.get(hname) if existing: v = ", ".join((existing, v)) hdict[hname] = v return hdict class MaxSizeExceeded(Exception): pass class SizeCheckWrapper(object): """Wraps a file-like object, raising MaxSizeExceeded if too large.""" def __init__(self, rfile, maxlen): self.rfile = rfile self.maxlen = maxlen self.bytes_read = 0 def _check_length(self): if self.maxlen and self.bytes_read > self.maxlen: raise MaxSizeExceeded() def read(self, size=None): data = self.rfile.read(size) self.bytes_read += len(data) self._check_length() return data def readline(self, size=None): if size is not None: data = self.rfile.readline(size) self.bytes_read += len(data) self._check_length() return data # User didn't specify a size ... # We read the line in chunks to make sure it's not a 100MB line ! res = [] while True: data = self.rfile.readline(256) self.bytes_read += len(data) self._check_length() res.append(data) # See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/421 if len(data) < 256 or data[-1:] == "\n": return ''.join(res) def readlines(self, sizehint=0): # Shamelessly stolen from StringIO total = 0 lines = [] line = self.readline() while line: lines.append(line) total += len(line) if 0 < sizehint <= total: break line = self.readline() return lines def close(self): self.rfile.close() def __iter__(self): return self def next(self): data = self.rfile.next() self.bytes_read += len(data) self._check_length() return data class KnownLengthRFile(object): """Wraps a file-like object, returning an empty string when exhausted.""" def __init__(self, rfile, content_length): self.rfile = rfile self.remaining = content_length def read(self, size=None): if self.remaining == 0: return '' if size is None: size = self.remaining else: size = min(size, self.remaining) data = self.rfile.read(size) self.remaining -= len(data) return data def readline(self, size=None): if self.remaining == 0: return '' if size is None: size = self.remaining else: size = min(size, self.remaining) data = self.rfile.readline(size) self.remaining -= len(data) return data def readlines(self, sizehint=0): # Shamelessly stolen from StringIO total = 0 lines = [] line = self.readline(sizehint) while line: lines.append(line) total += len(line) if 0 < sizehint <= total: break line = self.readline(sizehint) return lines def close(self): self.rfile.close() def __iter__(self): return self def __next__(self): data = next(self.rfile) self.remaining -= len(data) return data class ChunkedRFile(object): """Wraps a file-like object, returning an empty string when exhausted. This class is intended to provide a conforming wsgi.input value for request entities that have been encoded with the 'chunked' transfer encoding. """ def __init__(self, rfile, maxlen, bufsize=8192): self.rfile = rfile self.maxlen = maxlen self.bytes_read = 0 self.buffer = '' self.bufsize = bufsize self.closed = False def _fetch(self): if self.closed: return line = self.rfile.readline() self.bytes_read += len(line) if self.maxlen and self.bytes_read > self.maxlen: raise MaxSizeExceeded("Request Entity Too Large", self.maxlen) line = line.strip().split(";", 1) try: chunk_size = line.pop(0) chunk_size = int(chunk_size, 16) except ValueError: raise ValueError("Bad chunked transfer size: " + repr(chunk_size)) if chunk_size <= 0: self.closed = True return ## if line: chunk_extension = line[0] if self.maxlen and self.bytes_read + chunk_size > self.maxlen: raise IOError("Request Entity Too Large") chunk = self.rfile.read(chunk_size) self.bytes_read += len(chunk) self.buffer += chunk crlf = self.rfile.read(2) if crlf != CRLF: raise ValueError( "Bad chunked transfer coding (expected '\\r\\n', " "got " + repr(crlf) + ")") def read(self, size=None): data = '' while True: if size and len(data) >= size: return data if not self.buffer: self._fetch() if not self.buffer: # EOF return data if size: remaining = size - len(data) data += self.buffer[:remaining] self.buffer = self.buffer[remaining:] else: data += self.buffer def readline(self, size=None): data = '' while True: if size and len(data) >= size: return data if not self.buffer: self._fetch() if not self.buffer: # EOF return data newline_pos = self.buffer.find('\n') if size: if newline_pos == -1: remaining = size - len(data) data += self.buffer[:remaining] self.buffer = self.buffer[remaining:] else: remaining = min(size - len(data), newline_pos) data += self.buffer[:remaining] self.buffer = self.buffer[remaining:] else: if newline_pos == -1: data += self.buffer else: data += self.buffer[:newline_pos] self.buffer = self.buffer[newline_pos:] def readlines(self, sizehint=0): # Shamelessly stolen from StringIO total = 0 lines = [] line = self.readline(sizehint) while line: lines.append(line) total += len(line) if 0 < sizehint <= total: break line = self.readline(sizehint) return lines def read_trailer_lines(self): if not self.closed: raise ValueError( "Cannot read trailers until the request body has been read.") while True: line = self.rfile.readline() if not line: # No more data--illegal end of headers raise ValueError("Illegal end of headers.") self.bytes_read += len(line) if self.maxlen and self.bytes_read > self.maxlen: raise IOError("Request Entity Too Large") if line == CRLF: # Normal end of headers break if not line.endswith(CRLF): raise ValueError("HTTP requires CRLF terminators") yield line def close(self): self.rfile.close() def __iter__(self): # Shamelessly stolen from StringIO total = 0 line = self.readline(sizehint) while line: yield line total += len(line) if 0 < sizehint <= total: break line = self.readline(sizehint) class HTTPRequest(object): """An HTTP Request (and response). A single HTTP connection may consist of multiple request/response pairs. """ server = None """The HTTPServer object which is receiving this request.""" conn = None """The HTTPConnection object on which this request connected.""" inheaders = {} """A dict of request headers.""" outheaders = [] """A list of header tuples to write in the response.""" ready = False """When True, the request has been parsed and is ready to begin generating the response. When False, signals the calling Connection that the response should not be generated and the connection should close.""" close_connection = False """Signals the calling Connection that the request should close. This does not imply an error! The client and/or server may each request that the connection be closed.""" chunked_write = False """If True, output will be encoded with the "chunked" transfer-coding. This value is set automatically inside send_headers.""" def __init__(self, server, conn): self.server= server self.conn = conn self.ready = False self.started_request = False self.scheme = "http" if self.server.ssl_adapter is not None: self.scheme = "https" # Use the lowest-common protocol in case read_request_line errors. self.response_protocol = 'HTTP/1.0' self.inheaders = {} self.status = "" self.outheaders = [] self.sent_headers = False self.close_connection = self.__class__.close_connection self.chunked_read = False self.chunked_write = self.__class__.chunked_write def parse_request(self): """Parse the next HTTP request start-line and message-headers.""" self.rfile = SizeCheckWrapper(self.conn.rfile, self.server.max_request_header_size) try: self.read_request_line() except MaxSizeExceeded: self.simple_response("414 Request-URI Too Long", "The Request-URI sent with the request exceeds the maximum " "allowed bytes.") return try: success = self.read_request_headers() except MaxSizeExceeded: self.simple_response("413 Request Entity Too Large", "The headers sent with the request exceed the maximum " "allowed bytes.") return else: if not success: return self.ready = True def read_request_line(self): # HTTP/1.1 connections are persistent by default. If a client # requests a page, then idles (leaves the connection open), # then rfile.readline() will raise socket.error("timed out"). # Note that it does this based on the value given to settimeout(), # and doesn't need the client to request or acknowledge the close # (although your TCP stack might suffer for it: cf Apache's history # with FIN_WAIT_2). request_line = self.rfile.readline() # Set started_request to True so communicate() knows to send 408 # from here on out. self.started_request = True if not request_line: # Force self.ready = False so the connection will close. self.ready = False return if request_line == CRLF: # RFC 2616 sec 4.1: "...if the server is reading the protocol # stream at the beginning of a message and receives a CRLF # first, it should ignore the CRLF." # But only ignore one leading line! else we enable a DoS. request_line = self.rfile.readline() if not request_line: self.ready = False return if not request_line.endswith(CRLF): self.simple_response("400 Bad Request", "HTTP requires CRLF terminators") return try: method, uri, req_protocol = request_line.strip().split(" ", 2) rp = int(req_protocol[5]), int(req_protocol[7]) except (ValueError, IndexError): self.simple_response("400 Bad Request", "Malformed Request-Line") return self.uri = uri self.method = method # uri may be an abs_path (including "http://host.domain.tld"); scheme, authority, path = self.parse_request_uri(uri) if '#' in path: self.simple_response("400 Bad Request", "Illegal #fragment in Request-URI.") return if scheme: self.scheme = scheme qs = '' if '?' in path: path, qs = path.split('?', 1) # Unquote the path+params (e.g. "/this%20path" -> "/this path"). # http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec5.html#sec5.1.2 # # But note that "...a URI must be separated into its components # before the escaped characters within those components can be # safely decoded." http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt, sec 2.4.2 # Therefore, "/this%2Fpath" becomes "/this%2Fpath", not "/this/path". try: atoms = [unquote(x) for x in quoted_slash.split(path)] except ValueError, ex: self.simple_response("400 Bad Request", ex.args[0]) return path = "%2F".join(atoms) self.path = path # Note that, like wsgiref and most other HTTP servers, # we "% HEX HEX"-unquote the path but not the query string. self.qs = qs # Compare request and server HTTP protocol versions, in case our # server does not support the requested protocol. Limit our output # to min(req, server). We want the following output: # request server actual written supported response # protocol protocol response protocol feature set # a 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 # b 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 # c 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 # d 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 # Notice that, in (b), the response will be "HTTP/1.1" even though # the client only understands 1.0. RFC 2616 10.5.6 says we should # only return 505 if the _major_ version is different. sp = int(self.server.protocol[5]), int(self.server.protocol[7]) if sp[0] != rp[0]: self.simple_response("505 HTTP Version Not Supported") return self.request_protocol = req_protocol self.response_protocol = "HTTP/%s.%s" % min(rp, sp) def read_request_headers(self): """Read self.rfile into self.inheaders. Return success.""" # then all the http headers try: read_headers(self.rfile, self.inheaders) except ValueError, ex: self.simple_response("400 Bad Request", ex.args[0]) return False mrbs = self.server.max_request_body_size if mrbs and int(self.inheaders.get("Content-Length", 0)) > mrbs: self.simple_response("413 Request Entity Too Large", "The entity sent with the request exceeds the maximum " "allowed bytes.") return False # Persistent connection support if self.response_protocol == "HTTP/1.1": # Both server and client are HTTP/1.1 if self.inheaders.get("Connection", "") == "close": self.close_connection = True else: # Either the server or client (or both) are HTTP/1.0 if self.inheaders.get("Connection", "") != "Keep-Alive": self.close_connection = True # Transfer-Encoding support te = None if self.response_protocol == "HTTP/1.1": te = self.inheaders.get("Transfer-Encoding") if te: te = [x.strip().lower() for x in te.split(",") if x.strip()] self.chunked_read = False if te: for enc in te: if enc == "chunked": self.chunked_read = True else: # Note that, even if we see "chunked", we must reject # if there is an extension we don't recognize. self.simple_response("501 Unimplemented") self.close_connection = True return False # From PEP 333: # "Servers and gateways that implement HTTP 1.1 must provide # transparent support for HTTP 1.1's "expect/continue" mechanism. # This may be done in any of several ways: # 1. Respond to requests containing an Expect: 100-continue request # with an immediate "100 Continue" response, and proceed normally. # 2. Proceed with the request normally, but provide the application # with a wsgi.input stream that will send the "100 Continue" # response if/when the application first attempts to read from # the input stream. The read request must then remain blocked # until the client responds. # 3. Wait until the client decides that the server does not support # expect/continue, and sends the request body on its own. # (This is suboptimal, and is not recommended.) # # We used to do 3, but are now doing 1. Maybe we'll do 2 someday, # but it seems like it would be a big slowdown for such a rare case. if self.inheaders.get("Expect", "") == "100-continue": # Don't use simple_response here, because it emits headers # we don't want. See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/951 msg = self.server.protocol + " 100 Continue\r\n\r\n" try: self.conn.wfile.sendall(msg) except socket.error, x: if x.args[0] not in socket_errors_to_ignore: raise return True def parse_request_uri(self, uri): """Parse a Request-URI into (scheme, authority, path). Note that Request-URI's must be one of:: Request-URI = "*" | absoluteURI | abs_path | authority Therefore, a Request-URI which starts with a double forward-slash cannot be a "net_path":: net_path = "//" authority [ abs_path ] Instead, it must be interpreted as an "abs_path" with an empty first path segment:: abs_path = "/" path_segments path_segments = segment *( "/" segment ) segment = *pchar *( ";" param ) param = *pchar """ if uri == "*": return None, None, uri i = uri.find('://') if i > 0 and '?' not in uri[:i]: # An absoluteURI. # If there's a scheme (and it must be http or https), then: # http_URL = "http:" "//" host [ ":" port ] [ abs_path [ "?" query ]] scheme, remainder = uri[:i].lower(), uri[i + 3:] authority, path = remainder.split("/", 1) return scheme, authority, path if uri.startswith('/'): # An abs_path. return None, None, uri else: # An authority. return None, uri, None def respond(self): """Call the gateway and write its iterable output.""" mrbs = self.server.max_request_body_size if self.chunked_read: self.rfile = ChunkedRFile(self.conn.rfile, mrbs) else: cl = int(self.inheaders.get("Content-Length", 0)) if mrbs and mrbs < cl: if not self.sent_headers: self.simple_response("413 Request Entity Too Large", "The entity sent with the request exceeds the maximum " "allowed bytes.") return self.rfile = KnownLengthRFile(self.conn.rfile, cl) self.server.gateway(self).respond() if (self.ready and not self.sent_headers): self.sent_headers = True self.send_headers() if self.chunked_write: self.conn.wfile.sendall("0\r\n\r\n") def simple_response(self, status, msg=""): """Write a simple response back to the client.""" status = str(status) buf = [self.server.protocol + " " + status + CRLF, "Content-Length: %s\r\n" % len(msg), "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"] if status[:3] in ("413", "414"): # Request Entity Too Large / Request-URI Too Long self.close_connection = True if self.response_protocol == 'HTTP/1.1': # This will not be true for 414, since read_request_line # usually raises 414 before reading the whole line, and we # therefore cannot know the proper response_protocol. buf.append("Connection: close\r\n") else: # HTTP/1.0 had no 413/414 status nor Connection header. # Emit 400 instead and trust the message body is enough. status = "400 Bad Request" buf.append(CRLF) if msg: if isinstance(msg, unicode): msg = msg.encode("ISO-8859-1") buf.append(msg) try: self.conn.wfile.sendall("".join(buf)) except socket.error, x: if x.args[0] not in socket_errors_to_ignore: raise def write(self, chunk): """Write unbuffered data to the client.""" if self.chunked_write and chunk: buf = [hex(len(chunk))[2:], CRLF, chunk, CRLF] self.conn.wfile.sendall("".join(buf)) else: self.conn.wfile.sendall(chunk) def send_headers(self): """Assert, process, and send the HTTP response message-headers. You must set self.status, and self.outheaders before calling this. """ hkeys = [key.lower() for key, value in self.outheaders] status = int(self.status[:3]) if status == 413: # Request Entity Too Large. Close conn to avoid garbage. self.close_connection = True elif "content-length" not in hkeys: # "All 1xx (informational), 204 (no content), # and 304 (not modified) responses MUST NOT # include a message-body." So no point chunking. if status < 200 or status in (204, 205, 304): pass else: if (self.response_protocol == 'HTTP/1.1' and self.method != 'HEAD'): # Use the chunked transfer-coding self.chunked_write = True self.outheaders.append(("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")) else: # Closing the conn is the only way to determine len. self.close_connection = True if "connection" not in hkeys: if self.response_protocol == 'HTTP/1.1': # Both server and client are HTTP/1.1 or better if self.close_connection: self.outheaders.append(("Connection", "close")) else: # Server and/or client are HTTP/1.0 if not self.close_connection: self.outheaders.append(("Connection", "Keep-Alive")) if (not self.close_connection) and (not self.chunked_read): # Read any remaining request body data on the socket. # "If an origin server receives a request that does not include an # Expect request-header field with the "100-continue" expectation, # the request includes a request body, and the server responds # with a final status code before reading the entire request body # from the transport connection, then the server SHOULD NOT close # the transport connection until it has read the entire request, # or until the client closes the connection. Otherwise, the client # might not reliably receive the response message. However, this # requirement is not be construed as preventing a server from # defending itself against denial-of-service attacks, or from # badly broken client implementations." remaining = getattr(self.rfile, 'remaining', 0) if remaining > 0: self.rfile.read(remaining) if "date" not in hkeys: self.outheaders.append(("Date", rfc822.formatdate())) if "server" not in hkeys: self.outheaders.append(("Server", self.server.server_name)) buf = [self.server.protocol + " " + self.status + CRLF] for k, v in self.outheaders: buf.append(k + ": " + v + CRLF) buf.append(CRLF) self.conn.wfile.sendall("".join(buf)) class NoSSLError(Exception): """Exception raised when a client speaks HTTP to an HTTPS socket.""" pass class FatalSSLAlert(Exception): """Exception raised when the SSL implementation signals a fatal alert.""" pass class CP_fileobject(socket._fileobject): """Faux file object attached to a socket object.""" def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): self.bytes_read = 0 self.bytes_written = 0 socket._fileobject.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) def sendall(self, data): """Sendall for non-blocking sockets.""" while data: try: bytes_sent = self.send(data) data = data[bytes_sent:] except socket.error, e: if e.args[0] not in socket_errors_nonblocking: raise def send(self, data): bytes_sent = self._sock.send(data) self.bytes_written += bytes_sent return bytes_sent def flush(self): if self._wbuf: buffer = "".join(self._wbuf) self._wbuf = [] self.sendall(buffer) def recv(self, size): while True: try: data = self._sock.recv(size) self.bytes_read += len(data) return data except socket.error, e: if (e.args[0] not in socket_errors_nonblocking and e.args[0] not in socket_error_eintr): raise if not _fileobject_uses_str_type: def read(self, size=-1): # Use max, disallow tiny reads in a loop as they are very inefficient. # We never leave read() with any leftover data from a new recv() call # in our internal buffer. rbufsize = max(self._rbufsize, self.default_bufsize) # Our use of StringIO rather than lists of string objects returned by # recv() minimizes memory usage and fragmentation that occurs when # rbufsize is large compared to the typical return value of recv(). buf = self._rbuf buf.seek(0, 2) # seek end if size < 0: # Read until EOF self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() # reset _rbuf. we consume it via buf. while True: data = self.recv(rbufsize) if not data: break buf.write(data) return buf.getvalue() else: # Read until size bytes or EOF seen, whichever comes first buf_len = buf.tell() if buf_len >= size: # Already have size bytes in our buffer? Extract and return. buf.seek(0) rv = buf.read(size) self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() self._rbuf.write(buf.read()) return rv self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() # reset _rbuf. we consume it via buf. while True: left = size - buf_len # recv() will malloc the amount of memory given as its # parameter even though it often returns much less data # than that. The returned data string is short lived # as we copy it into a StringIO and free it. This avoids # fragmentation issues on many platforms. data = self.recv(left) if not data: break n = len(data) if n == size and not buf_len: # Shortcut. Avoid buffer data copies when: # - We have no data in our buffer. # AND # - Our call to recv returned exactly the # number of bytes we were asked to read. return data if n == left: buf.write(data) del data # explicit free break assert n <= left, "recv(%d) returned %d bytes" % (left, n) buf.write(data) buf_len += n del data # explicit free #assert buf_len == buf.tell() return buf.getvalue() def readline(self, size=-1): buf = self._rbuf buf.seek(0, 2) # seek end if buf.tell() > 0: # check if we already have it in our buffer buf.seek(0) bline = buf.readline(size) if bline.endswith('\n') or len(bline) == size: self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() self._rbuf.write(buf.read()) return bline del bline if size < 0: # Read until \n or EOF, whichever comes first if self._rbufsize <= 1: # Speed up unbuffered case buf.seek(0) buffers = [buf.read()] self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() # reset _rbuf. we consume it via buf. data = None recv = self.recv while data != "\n": data = recv(1) if not data: break buffers.append(data) return "".join(buffers) buf.seek(0, 2) # seek end self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() # reset _rbuf. we consume it via buf. while True: data = self.recv(self._rbufsize) if not data: break nl = data.find('\n') if nl >= 0: nl += 1 buf.write(data[:nl]) self._rbuf.write(data[nl:]) del data break buf.write(data) return buf.getvalue() else: # Read until size bytes or \n or EOF seen, whichever comes first buf.seek(0, 2) # seek end buf_len = buf.tell() if buf_len >= size: buf.seek(0) rv = buf.read(size) self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() self._rbuf.write(buf.read()) return rv self._rbuf = StringIO.StringIO() # reset _rbuf. we consume it via buf. while True: data = self.recv(self._rbufsize) if not data: break left = size - buf_len # did we just receive a newline? nl = data.find('\n', 0, left) if nl >= 0: nl += 1 # save the excess data to _rbuf self._rbuf.write(data[nl:]) if buf_len: buf.write(data[:nl]) break else: # Shortcut. Avoid data copy through buf when returning # a substring of our first recv(). return data[:nl] n = len(data) if n == size and not buf_len: # Shortcut. Avoid data copy through buf when # returning exactly all of our first recv(). return data if n >= left: buf.write(data[:left]) self._rbuf.write(data[left:]) break buf.write(data) buf_len += n #assert buf_len == buf.tell() return buf.getvalue() else: def read(self, size=-1): if size < 0: # Read until EOF buffers = [self._rbuf] self._rbuf = "" if self._rbufsize <= 1: recv_size = self.default_bufsize else: recv_size = self._rbufsize while True: data = self.recv(recv_size) if not data: break buffers.append(data) return "".join(buffers) else: # Read until size bytes or EOF seen, whichever comes first data = self._rbuf buf_len = len(data) if buf_len >= size: self._rbuf = data[size:] return data[:size] buffers = [] if data: buffers.append(data) self._rbuf = "" while True: left = size - buf_len recv_size = max(self._rbufsize, left) data = self.recv(recv_size) if not data: break buffers.append(data) n = len(data) if n >= left: self._rbuf = data[left:] buffers[-1] = data[:left] break buf_len += n return "".join(buffers) def readline(self, size=-1): data = self._rbuf if size < 0: # Read until \n or EOF, whichever comes first if self._rbufsize <= 1: # Speed up unbuffered case assert data == "" buffers = [] while data != "\n": data = self.recv(1) if not data: break buffers.append(data) return "".join(buffers) nl = data.find('\n') if nl >= 0: nl += 1 self._rbuf = data[nl:] return data[:nl] buffers = [] if data: buffers.append(data) self._rbuf = "" while True: data = self.recv(self._rbufsize) if not data: break buffers.append(data) nl = data.find('\n') if nl >= 0: nl += 1 self._rbuf = data[nl:] buffers[-1] = data[:nl] break return "".join(buffers) else: # Read until size bytes or \n or EOF seen, whichever comes first nl = data.find('\n', 0, size) if nl >= 0: nl += 1 self._rbuf = data[nl:] return data[:nl] buf_len = len(data) if buf_len >= size: self._rbuf = data[size:] return data[:size] buffers = [] if data: buffers.append(data) self._rbuf = "" while True: data = self.recv(self._rbufsize) if not data: break buffers.append(data) left = size - buf_len nl = data.find('\n', 0, left) if nl >= 0: nl += 1 self._rbuf = data[nl:] buffers[-1] = data[:nl] break n = len(data) if n >= left: self._rbuf = data[left:] buffers[-1] = data[:left] break buf_len += n return "".join(buffers) class HTTPConnection(object): """An HTTP connection (active socket). server: the Server object which received this connection. socket: the raw socket object (usually TCP) for this connection. makefile: a fileobject class for reading from the socket. """ remote_addr = None remote_port = None ssl_env = None rbufsize = DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE wbufsize = DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE RequestHandlerClass = HTTPRequest def __init__(self, server, sock, makefile=CP_fileobject): self.server = server self.socket = sock self.rfile = makefile(sock, "rb", self.rbufsize) self.wfile = makefile(sock, "wb", self.wbufsize) self.requests_seen = 0 def communicate(self): """Read each request and respond appropriately.""" request_seen = False try: while True: # (re)set req to None so that if something goes wrong in # the RequestHandlerClass constructor, the error doesn't # get written to the previous request. req = None req = self.RequestHandlerClass(self.server, self) # This order of operations should guarantee correct pipelining. req.parse_request() if self.server.stats['Enabled']: self.requests_seen += 1 if not req.ready: # Something went wrong in the parsing (and the server has # probably already made a simple_response). Return and # let the conn close. return request_seen = True req.respond() if req.close_connection: return except socket.error, e: errnum = e.args[0] # sadly SSL sockets return a different (longer) time out string if errnum == 'timed out' or errnum == 'The read operation timed out': # Don't error if we're between requests; only error # if 1) no request has been started at all, or 2) we're # in the middle of a request. # See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/853 if (not request_seen) or (req and req.started_request): # Don't bother writing the 408 if the response # has already started being written. if req and not req.sent_headers: try: req.simple_response("408 Request Timeout") except FatalSSLAlert: # Close the connection. return elif errnum not in socket_errors_to_ignore: if req and not req.sent_headers: try: req.simple_response("500 Internal Server Error", format_exc()) except FatalSSLAlert: # Close the connection. return return except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit): raise except FatalSSLAlert: # Close the connection. return except NoSSLError: if req and not req.sent_headers: # Unwrap our wfile self.wfile = CP_fileobject(self.socket._sock, "wb", self.wbufsize) req.simple_response("400 Bad Request", "The client sent a plain HTTP request, but " "this server only speaks HTTPS on this port.") self.linger = True except Exception: if req and not req.sent_headers: try: req.simple_response("500 Internal Server Error", format_exc()) except FatalSSLAlert: # Close the connection. return linger = False def close(self): """Close the socket underlying this connection.""" self.rfile.close() if not self.linger: # Python's socket module does NOT call close on the kernel socket # when you call socket.close(). We do so manually here because we # want this server to send a FIN TCP segment immediately. Note this # must be called *before* calling socket.close(), because the latter # drops its reference to the kernel socket. if hasattr(self.socket, '_sock'): self.socket._sock.close() self.socket.close() else: # On the other hand, sometimes we want to hang around for a bit # to make sure the client has a chance to read our entire # response. Skipping the close() calls here delays the FIN # packet until the socket object is garbage-collected later. # Someday, perhaps, we'll do the full lingering_close that # Apache does, but not today. pass _SHUTDOWNREQUEST = None class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): """Thread which continuously polls a Queue for Connection objects. Due to the timing issues of polling a Queue, a WorkerThread does not check its own 'ready' flag after it has started. To stop the thread, it is necessary to stick a _SHUTDOWNREQUEST object onto the Queue (one for each running WorkerThread). """ conn = None """The current connection pulled off the Queue, or None.""" server = None """The HTTP Server which spawned this thread, and which owns the Queue and is placing active connections into it.""" ready = False """A simple flag for the calling server to know when this thread has begun polling the Queue.""" def __init__(self, server): self.ready = False self.server = server self.requests_seen = 0 self.bytes_read = 0 self.bytes_written = 0 self.start_time = None self.work_time = 0 self.stats = { 'Requests': lambda s: self.requests_seen + ((self.start_time is None) and 0 or self.conn.requests_seen), 'Bytes Read': lambda s: self.bytes_read + ((self.start_time is None) and 0 or self.conn.rfile.bytes_read), 'Bytes Written': lambda s: self.bytes_written + ((self.start_time is None) and 0 or self.conn.wfile.bytes_written), 'Work Time': lambda s: self.work_time + ((self.start_time is None) and 0 or time.time() - self.start_time), 'Read Throughput': lambda s: s['Bytes Read'](s) / (s['Work Time'](s) or 1e-6), 'Write Throughput': lambda s: s['Bytes Written'](s) / (s['Work Time'](s) or 1e-6), } threading.Thread.__init__(self) def run(self): self.server.stats['Worker Threads'][self.getName()] = self.stats try: self.ready = True while True: conn = self.server.requests.get() if conn is _SHUTDOWNREQUEST: return self.conn = conn if self.server.stats['Enabled']: self.start_time = time.time() try: conn.communicate() finally: conn.close() if self.server.stats['Enabled']: self.requests_seen += self.conn.requests_seen self.bytes_read += self.conn.rfile.bytes_read self.bytes_written += self.conn.wfile.bytes_written self.work_time += time.time() - self.start_time self.start_time = None self.conn = None except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit), exc: self.server.interrupt = exc class ThreadPool(object): """A Request Queue for the CherryPyWSGIServer which pools threads. ThreadPool objects must provide min, get(), put(obj), start() and stop(timeout) attributes. """ def __init__(self, server, min=10, max=-1): self.server = server self.min = min self.max = max self._threads = [] self._queue = Queue.Queue() self.get = self._queue.get def start(self): """Start the pool of threads.""" for i in range(self.min): self._threads.append(WorkerThread(self.server)) for worker in self._threads: worker.setName("CP Server " + worker.getName()) worker.start() for worker in self._threads: while not worker.ready: time.sleep(.1) def _get_idle(self): """Number of worker threads which are idle. Read-only.""" return len([t for t in self._threads if t.conn is None]) idle = property(_get_idle, doc=_get_idle.__doc__) def put(self, obj): self._queue.put(obj) if obj is _SHUTDOWNREQUEST: return def grow(self, amount): """Spawn new worker threads (not above self.max).""" for i in range(amount): if self.max > 0 and len(self._threads) >= self.max: break worker = WorkerThread(self.server) worker.setName("CP Server " + worker.getName()) self._threads.append(worker) worker.start() def shrink(self, amount): """Kill off worker threads (not below self.min).""" # Grow/shrink the pool if necessary. # Remove any dead threads from our list for t in self._threads: if not t.isAlive(): self._threads.remove(t) amount -= 1 if amount > 0: for i in range(min(amount, len(self._threads) - self.min)): # Put a number of shutdown requests on the queue equal # to 'amount'. Once each of those is processed by a worker, # that worker will terminate and be culled from our list # in self.put. self._queue.put(_SHUTDOWNREQUEST) def stop(self, timeout=5): # Must shut down threads here so the code that calls # this method can know when all threads are stopped. for worker in self._threads: self._queue.put(_SHUTDOWNREQUEST) # Don't join currentThread (when stop is called inside a request). current = threading.currentThread() if timeout and timeout >= 0: endtime = time.time() + timeout while self._threads: worker = self._threads.pop() if worker is not current and worker.isAlive(): try: if timeout is None or timeout < 0: worker.join() else: remaining_time = endtime - time.time() if remaining_time > 0: worker.join(remaining_time) if worker.isAlive(): # We exhausted the timeout. # Forcibly shut down the socket. c = worker.conn if c and not c.rfile.closed: try: c.socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RD) except TypeError: # pyOpenSSL sockets don't take an arg c.socket.shutdown() worker.join() except (AssertionError, # Ignore repeated Ctrl-C. # See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/691. KeyboardInterrupt), exc1: pass def _get_qsize(self): return self._queue.qsize() qsize = property(_get_qsize) try: import fcntl except ImportError: try: from ctypes import windll, WinError except ImportError: def prevent_socket_inheritance(sock): """Dummy function, since neither fcntl nor ctypes are available.""" pass else: def prevent_socket_inheritance(sock): """Mark the given socket fd as non-inheritable (Windows).""" if not windll.kernel32.SetHandleInformation(sock.fileno(), 1, 0): raise WinError() else: def prevent_socket_inheritance(sock): """Mark the given socket fd as non-inheritable (POSIX).""" fd = sock.fileno() old_flags = fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_GETFD) fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETFD, old_flags | fcntl.FD_CLOEXEC) class SSLAdapter(object): """Base class for SSL driver library adapters. Required methods: * ``wrap(sock) -> (wrapped socket, ssl environ dict)`` * ``makefile(sock, mode='r', bufsize=DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE) -> socket file object`` """ def __init__(self, certificate, private_key, certificate_chain=None): self.certificate = certificate self.private_key = private_key self.certificate_chain = certificate_chain def wrap(self, sock): raise NotImplemented def makefile(self, sock, mode='r', bufsize=DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE): raise NotImplemented class HTTPServer(object): """An HTTP server.""" _bind_addr = "127.0.0.1" _interrupt = None gateway = None """A Gateway instance.""" minthreads = None """The minimum number of worker threads to create (default 10).""" maxthreads = None """The maximum number of worker threads to create (default -1 = no limit).""" server_name = None """The name of the server; defaults to socket.gethostname().""" protocol = "HTTP/1.1" """The version string to write in the Status-Line of all HTTP responses. For example, "HTTP/1.1" is the default. This also limits the supported features used in the response.""" request_queue_size = 5 """The 'backlog' arg to socket.listen(); max queued connections (default 5).""" shutdown_timeout = 5 """The total time, in seconds, to wait for worker threads to cleanly exit.""" timeout = 10 """The timeout in seconds for accepted connections (default 10).""" version = "CherryPy/3.2.0" """A version string for the HTTPServer.""" software = None """The value to set for the SERVER_SOFTWARE entry in the WSGI environ. If None, this defaults to ``'%s Server' % self.version``.""" ready = False """An internal flag which marks whether the socket is accepting connections.""" max_request_header_size = 0 """The maximum size, in bytes, for request headers, or 0 for no limit.""" max_request_body_size = 0 """The maximum size, in bytes, for request bodies, or 0 for no limit.""" nodelay = True """If True (the default since 3.1), sets the TCP_NODELAY socket option.""" ConnectionClass = HTTPConnection """The class to use for handling HTTP connections.""" ssl_adapter = None """An instance of SSLAdapter (or a subclass). You must have the corresponding SSL driver library installed.""" def __init__(self, bind_addr, gateway, minthreads=10, maxthreads=-1, server_name=None): self.bind_addr = bind_addr self.gateway = gateway self.requests = ThreadPool(self, min=minthreads or 1, max=maxthreads) if not server_name: server_name = socket.gethostname() self.server_name = server_name self.clear_stats() def clear_stats(self): self._start_time = None self._run_time = 0 self.stats = { 'Enabled': False, 'Bind Address': lambda s: repr(self.bind_addr), 'Run time': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or self.runtime(), 'Accepts': 0, 'Accepts/sec': lambda s: s['Accepts'] / self.runtime(), 'Queue': lambda s: getattr(self.requests, "qsize", None), 'Threads': lambda s: len(getattr(self.requests, "_threads", [])), 'Threads Idle': lambda s: getattr(self.requests, "idle", None), 'Socket Errors': 0, 'Requests': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or sum([w['Requests'](w) for w in s['Worker Threads'].values()], 0), 'Bytes Read': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or sum([w['Bytes Read'](w) for w in s['Worker Threads'].values()], 0), 'Bytes Written': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or sum([w['Bytes Written'](w) for w in s['Worker Threads'].values()], 0), 'Work Time': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or sum([w['Work Time'](w) for w in s['Worker Threads'].values()], 0), 'Read Throughput': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or sum( [w['Bytes Read'](w) / (w['Work Time'](w) or 1e-6) for w in s['Worker Threads'].values()], 0), 'Write Throughput': lambda s: (not s['Enabled']) and 0 or sum( [w['Bytes Written'](w) / (w['Work Time'](w) or 1e-6) for w in s['Worker Threads'].values()], 0), 'Worker Threads': {}, } logging.statistics["CherryPy HTTPServer %d" % id(self)] = self.stats def runtime(self): if self._start_time is None: return self._run_time else: return self._run_time + (time.time() - self._start_time) def __str__(self): return "%s.%s(%r)" % (self.__module__, self.__class__.__name__, self.bind_addr) def _get_bind_addr(self): return self._bind_addr def _set_bind_addr(self, value): if isinstance(value, tuple) and value[0] in ('', None): # Despite the socket module docs, using '' does not # allow AI_PASSIVE to work. Passing None instead # returns '0.0.0.0' like we want. In other words: # host AI_PASSIVE result # '' Y 192.168.x.y # '' N 192.168.x.y # None Y 0.0.0.0 # None N 127.0.0.1 # But since you can get the same effect with an explicit # '0.0.0.0', we deny both the empty string and None as values. raise ValueError("Host values of '' or None are not allowed. " "Use '0.0.0.0' (IPv4) or '::' (IPv6) instead " "to listen on all active interfaces.") self._bind_addr = value bind_addr = property(_get_bind_addr, _set_bind_addr, doc="""The interface on which to listen for connections. For TCP sockets, a (host, port) tuple. Host values may be any IPv4 or IPv6 address, or any valid hostname. The string 'localhost' is a synonym for '127.0.0.1' (or '::1', if your hosts file prefers IPv6). The string '0.0.0.0' is a special IPv4 entry meaning "any active interface" (INADDR_ANY), and '::' is the similar IN6ADDR_ANY for IPv6. The empty string or None are not allowed. For UNIX sockets, supply the filename as a string.""") def start(self): """Run the server forever.""" # We don't have to trap KeyboardInterrupt or SystemExit here, # because cherrpy.server already does so, calling self.stop() for us. # If you're using this server with another framework, you should # trap those exceptions in whatever code block calls start(). self._interrupt = None if self.software is None: self.software = "%s Server" % self.version # SSL backward compatibility if (self.ssl_adapter is None and getattr(self, 'ssl_certificate', None) and getattr(self, 'ssl_private_key', None)): warnings.warn( "SSL attributes are deprecated in CherryPy 3.2, and will " "be removed in CherryPy 3.3. Use an ssl_adapter attribute " "instead.", DeprecationWarning ) try: from cherrypy.wsgiserver.ssl_pyopenssl import pyOpenSSLAdapter except ImportError: pass else: self.ssl_adapter = pyOpenSSLAdapter( self.ssl_certificate, self.ssl_private_key, getattr(self, 'ssl_certificate_chain', None)) # Select the appropriate socket if isinstance(self.bind_addr, basestring): # AF_UNIX socket # So we can reuse the socket... try: os.unlink(self.bind_addr) except: pass # So everyone can access the socket... try: os.chmod(self.bind_addr, 0777) except: pass info = [(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0, "", self.bind_addr)] else: # AF_INET or AF_INET6 socket # Get the correct address family for our host (allows IPv6 addresses) host, port = self.bind_addr try: info = socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0, socket.AI_PASSIVE) except socket.gaierror: if ':' in self.bind_addr[0]: info = [(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0, "", self.bind_addr + (0, 0))] else: info = [(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0, "", self.bind_addr)] self.socket = None msg = "No socket could be created" for res in info: af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res try: self.bind(af, socktype, proto) except socket.error: if self.socket: self.socket.close() self.socket = None continue break if not self.socket: raise socket.error(msg) # Timeout so KeyboardInterrupt can be caught on Win32 self.socket.settimeout(1) self.socket.listen(self.request_queue_size) # Create worker threads self.requests.start() self.ready = True self._start_time = time.time() while self.ready: self.tick() if self.interrupt: while self.interrupt is True: # Wait for self.stop() to complete. See _set_interrupt. time.sleep(0.1) if self.interrupt: raise self.interrupt def bind(self, family, type, proto=0): """Create (or recreate) the actual socket object.""" self.socket = socket.socket(family, type, proto) prevent_socket_inheritance(self.socket) self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) if self.nodelay and not isinstance(self.bind_addr, str): self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1) if self.ssl_adapter is not None: self.socket = self.ssl_adapter.bind(self.socket) # If listening on the IPV6 any address ('::' = IN6ADDR_ANY), # activate dual-stack. See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/871. if (hasattr(socket, 'AF_INET6') and family == socket.AF_INET6 and self.bind_addr[0] in ('::', '::0', '::0.0.0.0')): try: self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_V6ONLY, 0) except (AttributeError, socket.error): # Apparently, the socket option is not available in # this machine's TCP stack pass self.socket.bind(self.bind_addr) def tick(self): """Accept a new connection and put it on the Queue.""" try: s, addr = self.socket.accept() if self.stats['Enabled']: self.stats['Accepts'] += 1 if not self.ready: return prevent_socket_inheritance(s) if hasattr(s, 'settimeout'): s.settimeout(self.timeout) makefile = CP_fileobject ssl_env = {} # if ssl cert and key are set, we try to be a secure HTTP server if self.ssl_adapter is not None: try: s, ssl_env = self.ssl_adapter.wrap(s) except NoSSLError: msg = ("The client sent a plain HTTP request, but " "this server only speaks HTTPS on this port.") buf = ["%s 400 Bad Request\r\n" % self.protocol, "Content-Length: %s\r\n" % len(msg), "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n", msg] wfile = CP_fileobject(s, "wb", DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE) try: wfile.sendall("".join(buf)) except socket.error, x: if x.args[0] not in socket_errors_to_ignore: raise return if not s: return makefile = self.ssl_adapter.makefile # Re-apply our timeout since we may have a new socket object if hasattr(s, 'settimeout'): s.settimeout(self.timeout) conn = self.ConnectionClass(self, s, makefile) if not isinstance(self.bind_addr, basestring): # optional values # Until we do DNS lookups, omit REMOTE_HOST if addr is None: # sometimes this can happen # figure out if AF_INET or AF_INET6. if len(s.getsockname()) == 2: # AF_INET addr = ('0.0.0.0', 0) else: # AF_INET6 addr = ('::', 0) conn.remote_addr = addr[0] conn.remote_port = addr[1] conn.ssl_env = ssl_env self.requests.put(conn) except socket.timeout: # The only reason for the timeout in start() is so we can # notice keyboard interrupts on Win32, which don't interrupt # accept() by default return except socket.error, x: if self.stats['Enabled']: self.stats['Socket Errors'] += 1 if x.args[0] in socket_error_eintr: # I *think* this is right. EINTR should occur when a signal # is received during the accept() call; all docs say retry # the call, and I *think* I'm reading it right that Python # will then go ahead and poll for and handle the signal # elsewhere. See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/707. return if x.args[0] in socket_errors_nonblocking: # Just try again. See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/479. return if x.args[0] in socket_errors_to_ignore: # Our socket was closed. # See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/686. return raise def _get_interrupt(self): return self._interrupt def _set_interrupt(self, interrupt): self._interrupt = True self.stop() self._interrupt = interrupt interrupt = property(_get_interrupt, _set_interrupt, doc="Set this to an Exception instance to " "interrupt the server.") def stop(self): """Gracefully shutdown a server that is serving forever.""" self.ready = False if self._start_time is not None: self._run_time += (time.time() - self._start_time) self._start_time = None sock = getattr(self, "socket", None) if sock: if not isinstance(self.bind_addr, basestring): # Touch our own socket to make accept() return immediately. try: host, port = sock.getsockname()[:2] except socket.error, x: if x.args[0] not in socket_errors_to_ignore: # Changed to use error code and not message # See http://www.cherrypy.org/ticket/860. raise else: # Note that we're explicitly NOT using AI_PASSIVE, # here, because we want an actual IP to touch. # localhost won't work if we've bound to a public IP, # but it will if we bound to '0.0.0.0' (INADDR_ANY). for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM): af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res s = None try: s = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto) # See http://groups.google.com/group/cherrypy-users/ # browse_frm/thread/bbfe5eb39c904fe0 s.settimeout(1.0) s.connect((host, port)) s.close() except socket.error: if s: s.close() if hasattr(sock, "close"): sock.close() self.socket = None self.requests.stop(self.shutdown_timeout) class Gateway(object): def __init__(self, req): self.req = req def respond(self): raise NotImplemented # These may either be wsgiserver.SSLAdapter subclasses or the string names # of such classes (in which case they will be lazily loaded). ssl_adapters = { 'builtin': 'cherrypy.wsgiserver.ssl_builtin.BuiltinSSLAdapter', 'pyopenssl': 'cherrypy.wsgiserver.ssl_pyopenssl.pyOpenSSLAdapter', } def get_ssl_adapter_class(name='pyopenssl'): adapter = ssl_adapters[name.lower()] if isinstance(adapter, basestring): last_dot = adapter.rfind(".") attr_name = adapter[last_dot + 1:] mod_path = adapter[:last_dot] try: mod = sys.modules[mod_path] if mod is None: raise KeyError() except KeyError: # The last [''] is important. mod = __import__(mod_path, globals(), locals(), ['']) # Let an AttributeError propagate outward. try: adapter = getattr(mod, attr_name) except AttributeError: raise AttributeError("'%s' object has no attribute '%s'" % (mod_path, attr_name)) return adapter # -------------------------------- WSGI Stuff -------------------------------- # class CherryPyWSGIServer(HTTPServer): wsgi_version = (1, 0) def __init__(self, bind_addr, wsgi_app, numthreads=10, server_name=None, max=-1, request_queue_size=5, timeout=10, shutdown_timeout=5): self.requests = ThreadPool(self, min=numthreads or 1, max=max) self.wsgi_app = wsgi_app self.gateway = wsgi_gateways[self.wsgi_version] self.bind_addr = bind_addr if not server_name: server_name = socket.gethostname() self.server_name = server_name self.request_queue_size = request_queue_size self.timeout = timeout self.shutdown_timeout = shutdown_timeout self.clear_stats() def _get_numthreads(self): return self.requests.min def _set_numthreads(self, value): self.requests.min = value numthreads = property(_get_numthreads, _set_numthreads) class WSGIGateway(Gateway): def __init__(self, req): self.req = req self.started_response = False self.env = self.get_environ() self.remaining_bytes_out = None def get_environ(self): """Return a new environ dict targeting the given wsgi.version""" raise NotImplemented def respond(self): response = self.req.server.wsgi_app(self.env, self.start_response) try: for chunk in response: # "The start_response callable must not actually transmit # the response headers. Instead, it must store them for the # server or gateway to transmit only after the first # iteration of the application return value that yields # a NON-EMPTY string, or upon the application's first # invocation of the write() callable." (PEP 333) if chunk: if isinstance(chunk, unicode): chunk = chunk.encode('ISO-8859-1') self.write(chunk) finally: if hasattr(response, "close"): response.close() def start_response(self, status, headers, exc_info = None): """WSGI callable to begin the HTTP response.""" # "The application may call start_response more than once, # if and only if the exc_info argument is provided." if self.started_response and not exc_info: raise AssertionError("WSGI start_response called a second " "time with no exc_info.") self.started_response = True # "if exc_info is provided, and the HTTP headers have already been # sent, start_response must raise an error, and should raise the # exc_info tuple." if self.req.sent_headers: try: raise exc_info[0], exc_info[1], exc_info[2] finally: exc_info = None self.req.status = status for k, v in headers: if not isinstance(k, str): raise TypeError("WSGI response header key %r is not a byte string." % k) if not isinstance(v, str): raise TypeError("WSGI response header value %r is not a byte string." % v) if k.lower() == 'content-length': self.remaining_bytes_out = int(v) self.req.outheaders.extend(headers) return self.write def write(self, chunk): """WSGI callable to write unbuffered data to the client. This method is also used internally by start_response (to write data from the iterable returned by the WSGI application). """ if not self.started_response: raise AssertionError("WSGI write called before start_response.") chunklen = len(chunk) rbo = self.remaining_bytes_out if rbo is not None and chunklen > rbo: if not self.req.sent_headers: # Whew. We can send a 500 to the client. self.req.simple_response("500 Internal Server Error", "The requested resource returned more bytes than the " "declared Content-Length.") else: # Dang. We have probably already sent data. Truncate the chunk # to fit (so the client doesn't hang) and raise an error later. chunk = chunk[:rbo] if not self.req.sent_headers: self.req.sent_headers = True self.req.send_headers() self.req.write(chunk) if rbo is not None: rbo -= chunklen if rbo < 0: raise ValueError( "Response body exceeds the declared Content-Length.") class WSGIGateway_10(WSGIGateway): def get_environ(self): """Return a new environ dict targeting the given wsgi.version""" req = self.req env = { # set a non-standard environ entry so the WSGI app can know what # the *real* server protocol is (and what features to support). # See http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2145.html. 'ACTUAL_SERVER_PROTOCOL': req.server.protocol, 'PATH_INFO': req.path, 'QUERY_STRING': req.qs, 'REMOTE_ADDR': req.conn.remote_addr or '', 'REMOTE_PORT': str(req.conn.remote_port or ''), 'REQUEST_METHOD': req.method, 'REQUEST_URI': req.uri, 'SCRIPT_NAME': '', 'SERVER_NAME': req.server.server_name, # Bah. "SERVER_PROTOCOL" is actually the REQUEST protocol. 'SERVER_PROTOCOL': req.request_protocol, 'SERVER_SOFTWARE': req.server.software, 'wsgi.errors': sys.stderr, 'wsgi.input': req.rfile, 'wsgi.multiprocess': False, 'wsgi.multithread': True, 'wsgi.run_once': False, 'wsgi.url_scheme': req.scheme, 'wsgi.version': (1, 0), } if isinstance(req.server.bind_addr, basestring): # AF_UNIX. This isn't really allowed by WSGI, which doesn't # address unix domain sockets. But it's better than nothing. env["SERVER_PORT"] = "" else: env["SERVER_PORT"] = str(req.server.bind_addr[1]) # Request headers for k, v in req.inheaders.iteritems(): env["HTTP_" + k.upper().replace("-", "_")] = v # CONTENT_TYPE/CONTENT_LENGTH ct = env.pop("HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE", None) if ct is not None: env["CONTENT_TYPE"] = ct cl = env.pop("HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH", None) if cl is not None: env["CONTENT_LENGTH"] = cl if req.conn.ssl_env: env.update(req.conn.ssl_env) return env class WSGIGateway_u0(WSGIGateway_10): def get_environ(self): """Return a new environ dict targeting the given wsgi.version""" req = self.req env_10 = WSGIGateway_10.get_environ(self) env = dict([(k.decode('ISO-8859-1'), v) for k, v in env_10.iteritems()]) env[u'wsgi.version'] = ('u', 0) # Request-URI env.setdefault(u'wsgi.url_encoding', u'utf-8') try: for key in [u"PATH_INFO", u"SCRIPT_NAME", u"QUERY_STRING"]: env[key] = env_10[str(key)].decode(env[u'wsgi.url_encoding']) except UnicodeDecodeError: # Fall back to latin 1 so apps can transcode if needed. env[u'wsgi.url_encoding'] = u'ISO-8859-1' for key in [u"PATH_INFO", u"SCRIPT_NAME", u"QUERY_STRING"]: env[key] = env_10[str(key)].decode(env[u'wsgi.url_encoding']) for k, v in sorted(env.items()): if isinstance(v, str) and k not in ('REQUEST_URI', 'wsgi.input'): env[k] = v.decode('ISO-8859-1') return env wsgi_gateways = { (1, 0): WSGIGateway_10, ('u', 0): WSGIGateway_u0, } class WSGIPathInfoDispatcher(object): """A WSGI dispatcher for dispatch based on the PATH_INFO. apps: a dict or list of (path_prefix, app) pairs. """ def __init__(self, apps): try: apps = apps.items() except AttributeError: pass # Sort the apps by len(path), descending apps.sort(cmp=lambda x,y: cmp(len(x[0]), len(y[0]))) apps.reverse() # The path_prefix strings must start, but not end, with a slash. # Use "" instead of "/". self.apps = [(p.rstrip("/"), a) for p, a in apps] def __call__(self, environ, start_response): path = environ["PATH_INFO"] or "/" for p, app in self.apps: # The apps list should be sorted by length, descending. if path.startswith(p + "/") or path == p: environ = environ.copy() environ["SCRIPT_NAME"] = environ["SCRIPT_NAME"] + p environ["PATH_INFO"] = path[len(p):] return app(environ, start_response) start_response('404 Not Found', [('Content-Type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Length', '0')]) return [''] webpy/web/wsgiserver/LICENSE.txt 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000003006 11773133455 015150 0 ustar wmb wmb Copyright (c) 2004-2007, CherryPy Team (team@cherrypy.org) All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name of the CherryPy Team nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. webpy/web/wsgiserver/ssl_builtin.py 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000005035 11773133455 016232 0 ustar wmb wmb """A library for integrating Python's builtin ``ssl`` library with CherryPy. The ssl module must be importable for SSL functionality. To use this module, set ``CherryPyWSGIServer.ssl_adapter`` to an instance of ``BuiltinSSLAdapter``. """ try: import ssl except ImportError: ssl = None from cherrypy import wsgiserver class BuiltinSSLAdapter(wsgiserver.SSLAdapter): """A wrapper for integrating Python's builtin ssl module with CherryPy.""" certificate = None """The filename of the server SSL certificate.""" private_key = None """The filename of the server's private key file.""" def __init__(self, certificate, private_key, certificate_chain=None): if ssl is None: raise ImportError("You must install the ssl module to use HTTPS.") self.certificate = certificate self.private_key = private_key self.certificate_chain = certificate_chain def bind(self, sock): """Wrap and return the given socket.""" return sock def wrap(self, sock): """Wrap and return the given socket, plus WSGI environ entries.""" try: s = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, do_handshake_on_connect=True, server_side=True, certfile=self.certificate, keyfile=self.private_key, ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23) except ssl.SSLError, e: if e.errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_EOF: # This is almost certainly due to the cherrypy engine # 'pinging' the socket to assert it's connectable; # the 'ping' isn't SSL. return None, {} elif e.errno == ssl.SSL_ERROR_SSL: if e.args[1].endswith('http request'): # The client is speaking HTTP to an HTTPS server. raise wsgiserver.NoSSLError raise return s, self.get_environ(s) # TODO: fill this out more with mod ssl env def get_environ(self, sock): """Create WSGI environ entries to be merged into each request.""" cipher = sock.cipher() ssl_environ = { "wsgi.url_scheme": "https", "HTTPS": "on", 'SSL_PROTOCOL': cipher[1], 'SSL_CIPHER': cipher[0] ## SSL_VERSION_INTERFACE string The mod_ssl program version ## SSL_VERSION_LIBRARY string The OpenSSL program version } return ssl_environ def makefile(self, sock, mode='r', bufsize=-1): return wsgiserver.CP_fileobject(sock, mode, bufsize) webpy/web/wsgiserver/ssl_pyopenssl.py 0000644 0001750 0001750 00000022605 11773133455 016622 0 ustar wmb wmb """A library for integrating pyOpenSSL with CherryPy. The OpenSSL module must be importable for SSL functionality. You can obtain it from http://pyopenssl.sourceforge.net/ To use this module, set CherryPyWSGIServer.ssl_adapter to an instance of SSLAdapter. There are two ways to use SSL: Method One ---------- * ``ssl_adapter.context``: an instance of SSL.Context. If this is not None, it is assumed to be an SSL.Context instance, and will be passed to SSL.Connection on bind(). The developer is responsible for forming a valid Context object. This approach is to be preferred for more flexibility, e.g. if the cert and key are streams instead of files, or need decryption, or SSL.SSLv3_METHOD is desired instead of the default SSL.SSLv23_METHOD, etc. Consult the pyOpenSSL documentation for complete options. Method Two (shortcut) --------------------- * ``ssl_adapter.certificate``: the filename of the server SSL certificate. * ``ssl_adapter.private_key``: the filename of the server's private key file. Both are None by default. If ssl_adapter.context is None, but .private_key and .certificate are both given and valid, they will be read, and the context will be automatically created from them. """ import socket import threading import time from cherrypy import wsgiserver try: from OpenSSL import SSL from OpenSSL import crypto except ImportError: SSL = None class SSL_fileobject(wsgiserver.CP_fileobject): """SSL file object attached to a socket object.""" ssl_timeout = 3 ssl_retry = .01 def _safe_call(self, is_reader, call, *args, **kwargs): """Wrap the given call with SSL error-trapping. is_reader: if False EOF errors will be raised. If True, EOF errors will return "" (to emulate normal sockets). """ start = time.time() while True: try: return call(*args, **kwargs) except SSL.WantReadError: # Sleep and try again. This is dangerous, because it means # the rest of the stack has no way of differentiating # between a "new handshake" error and "client dropped". # Note this isn't an endless loop: there's a timeout below. time.sleep(self.ssl_retry) except SSL.WantWriteError: time.sleep(self.ssl_retry) except SSL.SysCallError, e: if is_reader and e.args == (-1, 'Unexpected EOF'): return "" errnum = e.args[0] if is_reader and errnum in wsgiserver.socket_errors_to_ignore: return "" raise socket.error(errnum) except SSL.Error, e: if is_reader and e.args == (-1, 'Unexpected EOF'): return "" thirdarg = None try: thirdarg = e.args[0][0][2] except IndexError: pass if thirdarg == 'http request': # The client is talking HTTP to an HTTPS server. raise wsgiserver.NoSSLError() raise wsgiserver.FatalSSLAlert(*e.args) except: raise if time.time() - start > self.ssl_timeout: raise socket.timeout("timed out") def recv(self, *args, **kwargs): buf = [] r = super(SSL_fileobject, self).recv while True: data = self._safe_call(True, r, *args, **kwargs) buf.append(data) p = self._sock.pending() if not p: return "".join(buf) def sendall(self, *args, **kwargs): return self._safe_call(False, super(SSL_fileobject, self).sendall, *args, **kwargs) def send(self, *args, **kwargs): return self._safe_call(False, super(SSL_fileobject, self).send, *args, **kwargs) class SSLConnection: """A thread-safe wrapper for an SSL.Connection. ``*args``: the arguments to create the wrapped ``SSL.Connection(*args)``. """ def __init__(self, *args): self._ssl_conn = SSL.Connection(*args) self._lock = threading.RLock() for f in ('get_context', 'pending', 'send', 'write', 'recv', 'read', 'renegotiate', 'bind', 'listen', 'connect', 'accept', 'setblocking', 'fileno', 'close', 'get_cipher_list', 'getpeername', 'getsockname', 'getsockopt', 'setsockopt', 'makefile', 'get_app_data', 'set_app_data', 'state_string', 'sock_shutdown', 'get_peer_certificate', 'want_read', 'want_write', 'set_connect_state', 'set_accept_state', 'connect_ex', 'sendall', 'settimeout', 'gettimeout'): exec("""def %s(self, *args): self._lock.acquire() try: return self._ssl_conn.%s(*args) finally: self._lock.release() """ % (f, f)) def shutdown(self, *args): self._lock.acquire() try: # pyOpenSSL.socket.shutdown takes no args return self._ssl_conn.shutdown() finally: self._lock.release() class pyOpenSSLAdapter(wsgiserver.SSLAdapter): """A wrapper for integrating pyOpenSSL with CherryPy.""" context = None """An instance of SSL.Context.""" certificate = None """The filename of the server SSL certificate.""" private_key = None """The filename of the server's private key file.""" certificate_chain = None """Optional. The filename of CA's intermediate certificate bundle. This is needed for cheaper "chained root" SSL certificates, and should be left as None if not required.""" def __init__(self, certificate, private_key, certificate_chain=None): if SSL is None: raise ImportError("You must install pyOpenSSL to use HTTPS.") self.context = None self.certificate = certificate self.private_key = private_key self.certificate_chain = certificate_chain self._environ = None def bind(self, sock): """Wrap and return the given socket.""" if self.context is None: self.context = self.get_context() conn = SSLConnection(self.context, sock) self._environ = self.get_environ() return conn def wrap(self, sock): """Wrap and return the given socket, plus WSGI environ entries.""" return sock, self._environ.copy() def get_context(self): """Return an SSL.Context from self attributes.""" # See http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/442473 c = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv23_METHOD) c.use_privatekey_file(self.private_key) if self.certificate_chain: c.load_verify_locations(self.certificate_chain) c.use_certificate_file(self.certificate) return c def get_environ(self): """Return WSGI environ entries to be merged into each request.""" ssl_environ = { "HTTPS": "on", # pyOpenSSL doesn't provide access to any of these AFAICT ## 'SSL_PROTOCOL': 'SSLv2', ## SSL_CIPHER string The cipher specification name ## SSL_VERSION_INTERFACE string The mod_ssl program version ## SSL_VERSION_LIBRARY string The OpenSSL program version } if self.certificate: # Server certificate attributes cert = open(self.certificate, 'rb').read() cert = crypto.load_certificate(crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, cert) ssl_environ.update({ 'SSL_SERVER_M_VERSION': cert.get_version(), 'SSL_SERVER_M_SERIAL': cert.get_serial_number(), ## 'SSL_SERVER_V_START': Validity of server's certificate (start time), ## 'SSL_SERVER_V_END': Validity of server's certificate (end time), }) for prefix, dn in [("I", cert.get_issuer()), ("S", cert.get_subject())]: # X509Name objects don't seem to have a way to get the # complete DN string. Use str() and slice it instead, # because str(dn) == "
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| Python | $frames[0].filename in $frames[0].function, line $frames[0].lineno |
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| Web | $ctx.method $ctx.home$ctx.path |
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